Tuesday, September 2, 2008

Hurricane Facts

Usually, the six lists of names for tropical storms and hurricanes repeat every six years. However, if there is an unusually damaging hurricane, the name is retired because using it again could be considered insensitive. The name is then not used for at least ten years. Here is a list of names that have been retired.


1954 - Carol<---- my mommys name lol
1954 - Hazel
1955 - Connie
1955 - Diane<----- my moms sisters name (they hate eachother)
1955 - Ione
1955 - Janet
1957 - Audrey
1960 - Donna
1961 - Carla
1961 - Hattie
1963 - Flora
1964 - Cleo
1964 - Dora
1964 - Hilda
1965 - Betsy
1966 - Inez
1967 - Beulah
1968 - Edna
1969 - Camille
1970 - Celia
1972 - Agnes
1974 - Carmen
1974 - Fifi
1975 - Eloise
1977 - Anita
1979 - David
1979 - Frederic
1980 - Allen
1983 - Alicia
1985 - Elena
1985 - Gloria
1988 - Gilbert
1988 - Joan
1989 - Hugo
1990 - Diana
1990 - Klaus
1991 - Bob<------a name my dad used to go by at work
1992 - Andrew
1995 - Luis
1995 - Marilyn
1995 - Opal
1995 - Roxanne
1996 - Cesar
1996 - Fran
1996 - Hortense
1998 - Georges
1998 - Mitch
1999 - Floyd
1999 - Lenny
2000 - Keith
2001 - Allison
2001 - Iris
2001 - Michelle
2002 - Isidore
2002 - Lili<------my great dane
2003 - Fabian
2003 - Isabel
2003 - Juan
2004 - Charley
2004 - Frances
2004 - Ivan
2004 - Jeanne
2005 - Dennis
2005 - Katrina
2005 - Rita
2005 - Stan
2005 - Wilma
2007 - Dean
2007 - Felix
2007 - Noel

shocking me and my sis arent on the list lol

For every year, there is a pre-approved list of names for tropical storms and hurricanes. These lists have been generated by the National Hurricane Center since 1953. At first, the lists consisted of only female names; however, since 1979, the lists alternate between male and female.
Hurricanes are named alphabetically from the list in chronological order. Thus the first tropical storm or hurricane of the year has a name that begins with "A" and the second is given the name that begins with "B." The lists contain names that begin from A to W, but exclude names that begin with a "Q" or "U."
There are six lists that continue to rotate. The lists only change when there is a hurricane that is so devastating, the name is retired and another name replaces it.


2008 Hurricane Names
Arthur

Bertha
Cristobal
Dolly
Edouard
Fay
Gustav
Hanna
Ike
Josephine
Kyle
Laura
Marco
Nana
Omar
Paloma
Rene
Sally
Teddy
Vicky
Wilfred

Named for Huracan, the Carib god of evil, the hurricane is an amazing yet destructive natural phenomenon that occurs about 40 to 50 times worldwide each year. Hurricane season takes place in the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and Central Pacific from June 1 to November 30 while in the Eastern Pacific the season is from May 15 to November 30.
Hurricane FormationDue to the
Coriolis effect, the regions between 5° and 20° north and south of the equator are the belts where hurricanes can form (there is not enough rotary motion between 5° north and south. The term cyclone is used in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea and the term typhoon is used in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and west of the International Dateline.
The birth of a hurricane starts as a low pressure zone and builds into a tropical wave of low pressure. In addition to a disturbance in the tropical ocean water, the storms that become hurricanes also require warm ocean waters (above 80°F or 27°C down to 150 feet or 50 meters below sea level) and light upper level winds.
Growth and Development of Tropical Storms and HurricanesA tropical wave grows in intensity and then may grow to become an organized area of showers and thunderstorms known as a tropical disturbance. This disturbance becomes an organized area of tropical low pressure that is called a tropical depression based on cyclonic winds (counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere). A tropical depression's wind speed must be at or below 38 miles per hour (mph) or 62 km/hr when averaged out over one minute. These winds are measured at 33 feet (10 meters) above the surface.
Once average winds reach 39 mph or 63 km/hr then the cyclonic system becomes a tropical storm and receives a name while tropical depressions are numbered (i.e. Tropical Depression 4 became Tropical Storm Chantal in the 2001 season.) Tropical storm names are preselected and issued alphabetically for each storm.
There are approximately 80-100 tropical storms annually and about half of these storms become full-fledged hurricanes. It is at 74 mph or 119 km/hr that a tropical storm becomes a hurricane. Hurricanes can be from 60 to almost 1000 miles wide. They vary widely in intensity; their strength is measured on the
Saffir-Simpson scale from a weak category 1 storm to a catastrophic category 5 storm. There were only two category 5 hurricanes with winds over 156 mph and a pressure of less than 920 mb (the world's lowest pressures ever recorded were caused by hurricanes) that struck the United States in the 20th century. The two were a 1935 hurricane that struck the Florida Keys and Hurricane Camille in 1969. Only 14 category 4 storms hit the U.S. and these included the nation's deadliest hurricane - the 1900 Galveston, Texas hurricane and Hurricane Andrew which hit Florida and Louisiana in 1992.
Hurricane damage results from three primary causes:
1) Storm Surge. Approximately 90% of all hurricane deaths can be attributed to the storm surge, the dome of water created by the low pressure center of a hurricane. This storm surge quickly floods low-lying coastal areas with anywhere from 3 feet (one meter) for a category one storm to over 19 feet (6 meters) of storm surge for a category five storm. Hundreds of thousands of deaths in countries such as Bangladesh have been caused by the storm surge of cyclones.
2) Wind Damage. The strong, at least 74 mph or 119 km/hr, winds of a hurricane can cause widespread destruction far inland of coastal areas, destroying homes, buildings, and infrastructure.
3) Freshwater Flooding. Hurricanes are huge tropical storms and dump many inches of rain over a widespread area in a short period of time. This water can engorge rivers and streams, causing hurricane-induced flooding.
Unfortunately, polls find that about half of Americans living in coastal areas are unprepared for a hurricane disaster. Anyone living along the Atlantic Coast, the Gulf Coast and the Caribbean should be prepared for hurricanes during hurricane season.
Fortunately, hurricanes ultimately diminish, reverting to tropical storm strength and then into a tropical depression when they move over cooler ocean water, move over land, or reach a position where the upper level winds are too strong and are thus unfavorable.

Category One Hurricane
Maximum Sustained Wind Speed: 74-95 miles per hour
Damage Category: Minimal
Approximate Pressure: Above 980 mb
Approximate Storm Surge: 3-5 feet
Examples: Hurricane Lili (2002) in Louisiana; Hurricane Gaston (2004) in South Carolina

Category Two Hurricane
Maximum Sustained Wind Speed: 96-110 miles per hour
Damage Category: Moderate
Approximate Pressure: 979-965 mb
Approximate Storm Surge: 6-8 feet
Example: Hurricane Isabel (2003) in North Carolina

Category Three Hurricane
Maximum Sustained Wind Speed: 111-130 miles per hour
Damage Category: Extensive
Approximate Pressure: 964-945 mb
Approximate Storm Surge: 9-12 feet
Examples: Hurricane Katrina (2005) in Louisiana; Hurricane Jeanne (2004) in Florida; Hurricane Ivan (2004) in Alabama

Category Four Hurricane
Maximum Sustained Wind Speed: 131-155 miles per hour
Damage Category: Extreme
Approximate Pressure: 944-920 mb
Approximate Storm Surge: 13-18 feet
Example: Hurricane Charley (2004) in Florida; Hurricane Iniki (1992) in Hawaii; the Galveston Hurricane (1900) in Texas

Category Five Hurricane
Maximum Sustained Wind Speed: Above 155 miles per hour
Damage Category: Catastrophic
Approximate Pressure: Below 920 mb
Approximate Storm Surge: More than 18 feet
Examples: Only three Category 5 hurricanes have struck the United States since records began: The Labor Day Hurricane (1935) in the Florida Keyes, Hurricane Camille (1969) near the mouth of the Mississippi River, and Hurricane Andrew (1992) in Florida

No comments: